Opinion
Nuclear Nation-States: Behind the Arsenals Fueling Peace, Power, and Peril
Nuclear power divides the world—weaponised deterrent or clean energy hope amid rising global tensions

by: The Washington Eye
In a world defined by geopolitical rivalries and the constant threat of war, nuclear power stands as one of the most formidable and controversial forces. As of 2025, nine countries officially possess nuclear weapons, while over 30 others use nuclear energy for civilian purposes such as electricity generation. This dual role of nuclear technology capable of both immense destruction and energy production makes it a cornerstone of global diplomacy, defense, and debate.
The nine nuclear-armed states include the United States, Russia, China, France, the United Kingdom, India, Pakistan, North Korea, and Israel. These nations maintain their arsenals as deterrents, claiming they ensure national security and global stability. Russia currently holds the largest number of nuclear warheads, estimated at approximately 5,580, with around 1,710 deployed strategically. The country has also invested heavily in modernizing its arsenal with advanced technologies like hypersonic missiles and underwater nuclear drones. The United States follows closely, with about 5,244 warheads and a powerful nuclear triad that includes land-based missiles, strategic bombers, and submarine-launched weapons. The U.S. remains the only country to have ever used nuclear weapons in conflict, during World War II in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
China, with over 500 warheads, is rapidly expanding its nuclear capabilities and is projected to double its arsenal by the 2030s. While Beijing officially adheres to a “no first use” policy, its growing nuclear power has raised concerns, especially amid escalating tensions with the United States. France maintains about 290 warheads, primarily deployed on submarines and aircraft, and remains the only EU country with nuclear arms following Brexit. The United Kingdom possesses roughly 225 warheads, mostly deployed through the Trident submarine-based system, and has announced intentions to increase its stockpile cap for the first time in decades.
India and Pakistan, long-time regional rivals, each hold around 170 warheads. India follows a “no first use” doctrine but retains a credible second-strike capability. Pakistan, on the other hand, is believed to have one of the fastest-growing nuclear programs in the world, with a focus on tactical nuclear weapons aimed at countering India’s conventional superiority. North Korea is estimated to have about 50 nuclear warheads, although the exact number and their effectiveness remain uncertain. Pyongyang continues to conduct missile tests in defiance of international sanctions and condemnation. Israel, though never officially confirming its arsenal, is widely believed to possess between 80 and 90 nuclear warheads, maintaining a policy of strategic ambiguity. Its undeclared arsenal plays a critical role in Middle Eastern power dynamics.
Beyond military capabilities, more than 30 countries operate civilian nuclear power plants. Nations like Germany, Japan, South Korea, Canada, and Sweden rely significantly on nuclear energy to meet their electricity needs. While nuclear power is seen by some as a crucial tool in the fight against climate change due to its low carbon emissions, concerns over safety, waste management, and potential misuse persist. Disasters such as Chernobyl in 1986 and Fukushima in 2011 continue to influence public perception and policy.
The existence of nuclear weapons has arguably deterred major wars between nuclear-armed states, reinforcing the doctrine of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). However, the risks associated with nuclear weapons remain high, including the possibility of escalation during conflicts, accidental launches, or terrorist groups acquiring nuclear materials. In 2024, NATO raised alarms over Russia’s threat to use tactical nuclear weapons in the ongoing war in Ukraine. Meanwhile, China’s rising capabilities have ignited fears of a new arms race in the Indo-Pacific region.
Efforts to curb nuclear proliferation have led to several treaties, including the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote disarmament. Other important agreements include the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) and the New START treaty between the U.S. and Russia. However, the effectiveness of these treaties has waned in recent years. The U.S. withdrew from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty in 2019, and the New START treaty faces expiration in 2026 if not renewed. Rising tensions have also brought renewed scrutiny to nations like Iran and Saudi Arabia, amid fears they may seek nuclear capabilities. Ukraine’s decision in 1994 to surrender its inherited Soviet nuclear arsenal in exchange for security guarantees remains a poignant issue following Russia’s invasion, sparking debate on the reliability of such assurances.
In conclusion, nuclear power whether as a weapon or a source of energy continues to play a central role in shaping the global order. The presence of nuclear weapons provides both a deterrent to war and a constant source of tension. Meanwhile, civilian nuclear energy offers hope for a greener future, tempered by fears of accidents and proliferation. As the world confronts new technological and political challenges, the need for effective arms control, transparent policies, and global cooperation has never been more urgent. The road to global disarmament may be long, but it remains a critical goal for the survival and stability of humanity.

Opinion
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Business
From Barter to Bitcoin: The Journey and Future of Currency
Currency is trust, coordination, and stability; without it, society and global trade collapse rapidly

by: The Washington Eye
Currency is one of the most significant inventions in human history, yet many of us overlook its importance in our daily lives. At first glance, money seems simple—coins in your pocket, bills in your wallet, or digital numbers in a bank app. But beneath its surface lies a complex system of trust, governance, and economic coordination. Currency works because people believe it works. It is not just a tool for buying and selling; it is a shared agreement among individuals and institutions that a certain object—whether paper, metal, or digital code—holds value and can be exchanged for goods and services.
Before currency came into existence, human societies relied on the barter system. In barter, people exchanged goods and services directly. This method, while natural in small communities, had major limitations. It required a double coincidence of wants: both parties had to want what the other had. If you had wheat and wanted shoes, but the shoemaker didn’t want wheat, you couldn’t trade. Currency solved this problem by serving as a universally accepted medium of exchange. Early currencies included commodities like salt, cattle, or gold—items considered valuable and difficult to fake. Eventually, these evolved into coinage and paper money, often backed by physical commodities such as gold and silver. In modern times, we use fiat money, which has no intrinsic value but is declared legal tender by governments and accepted because people trust the system behind it.
Today, central banks and financial institutions manage currency through complex tools like interest rates, inflation targeting, and money supply regulation. When handled well, these tools can stabilize the economy, foster investment, and generate employment. But mismanagement—such as excessive money printing—can lead to disastrous consequences, including hyperinflation. Historical examples like Zimbabwe or Venezuela demonstrate how quickly a currency can become worthless when public trust is lost. Without faith in currency, prices skyrocket, savings vanish, and economies collapse.
Now imagine a world without currency. Would we return to barter? Perhaps, but that would bring back the same inefficiencies that currency was invented to solve. More likely, alternative systems would emerge. These could include commodity money like gold or oil, decentralized digital currencies such as Bitcoin, or even systems of social credit or labor exchange. Each of these, however, has its flaws. Cryptocurrency, for example, promises decentralization but remains volatile and vulnerable to speculation. Commodity money might favor nations rich in resources and deepen inequality. Social credit systems, while potentially fair, could also become tools of control and surveillance.
A world without currency would likely cause global trade to collapse. Currency provides a common unit of account that allows us to price goods, calculate profits, and manage contracts. Without it, international transactions would become chaotic. Supply chains would stall, and financial markets would lose their foundations. Moreover, debt and long-term contracts rely on stable money. Without currency, these agreements lose meaning. Lending would slow down, investments would halt, and the global economy would become stagnant.
Some idealists imagine a future where money is no longer needed—where technology, automation, and abundance make everything freely accessible. In such a society, resources could be distributed based on need rather than ability to pay. This vision, promoted by movements like The Venus Project, presents a post-currency economy guided by logic and sustainability. But achieving this would require more than technological advancement. It would demand a radical transformation in human behavior, moving from competition to cooperation, and from ownership to shared access. Such a shift, while theoretically possible, is not likely in the near future.
Ultimately, the question is not whether we can eliminate currency, but how we can use it more equitably. As the world becomes increasingly digital, currencies will continue to evolve—through blockchain, central bank digital currencies, and global financial reforms. But the fundamental role of currency as a tool for coordination and trust will remain. Rather than dreaming of a currency-free utopia, our focus should be on building systems that make currency work for everyone, not just the privileged few. Currency is not just about money; it is about meaning, fairness, and the structure of our economic lives. Without it, society as we know it would unravel.

Opinion
The Middle East Bermuda Triangle for Peace and Security
Middle East stability requires KSA-USA-Israel alliance, countering Iran and China, ensuring regional peace

The decades of wars and tensions in the Middle East have reached a point of no return and any ceasefire will not cut the deal for peace and stability in the region. Which is a requirement for the New Middle East and a New World Order by 2030. Therefore, the scenarios of the geopolitics of the region are no longer a classic one with Iran as the “Torch” holder of hegemon. The aging and decaying system of Iran exemplified by the so-called Ayatullah Khamenei the Supreme Leader, becomes irrelevant in a futuristic worldview.
A system based on false theology, or an apocalyptic mission, will only serve as the axis of evil. Such mission was rapidly spreading in the last few years by a movement called “Shiatization” of the world, which is basically a global movement aims to manipulate youth around the world to become paramilitary soldiers implementing a prophecy of the resurrection or “the reappearance” of the 12th Imam Mohammed Al Mahdi a descendent of the Prophet Mohammed according to the Shia sect of Islam. It is important to note that based on this myth; a false claim the Quran does support; the Shiatization movement has a significant role of destruction and in creation of a total dystopia as a pre-requisite condition for “the reappearance” to happen.
Therefore, the Middle East and particularly the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) have stepped in as a prominent power in the region with a clear vision of 2030 for the Middle East. The KSA under the Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman (MBS) have taken bold steps to strengthen the relationship with the United States with President Trump in Office. The two leaders of a vastly different worlds and backgrounds, have significant and noticeable friendship as business men and Heads of States. The world witnessed the success of the Saudi-American Economic Forum in Riyad in May 2025, and massive investments for years to come. Granting the sanctions lift of Syria and allowing its new leadership to have a chance to stabilize Syria and save the lives of millions of the Syrian people, meant a lot for MBS and showed confidence in his regional leadership. Same goes with the other Gulf Countries during President Trump’s visit to the region to ensure that Arabs are solid allies to the United States of America. What is remarkable about Trump and MBS, is that both share the undeniable prospect of the Middle East once it has peace and stability in place. The 2030 vision of the Crown Prince MBS is that eliminating the Iranian/IRGC intrusive violent interference of the proxies in Iraq, Syria (under Assad), Lebanon with Hezbollah, Houthis in Yemen and Hamas in Gaza. Only then, the alliance of Arab nations could enter into real peace agreements with Israel.
Furthermore, the U.S.-Israel relationship will also need to step up given the decades of alliance and ironclad ties, Israel, cannot live in isolation from its regional neighbors. Thus, a Bermuda Triangle must be secured as KSA-USA-Israel. The US as the trusted ally to both countries, and Trump as a trustworthy leader to both MBS and Benjamin Netanyahu. Both who might seem rivalries, they are in fact have more in common including a core value of peace and security in the region. The tactics or approaches might differ significantly, but that can be addressed through soft-diplomacy the trademark of KSA, not the arm twisting, but rather building on common grounds. For instance, both leaders count on the peoples in the region, Arab Muslims, Kurds, Druz, Christians, Jews, Persians, Bloshs, Azaris, and many other ethnic and religious minority groups. Both leaders want to establish and secure economic prosperity and wealth of resources including sustainable energy resources and agriculture. Therefore, if President Trump could bring KSA and Israel to the negotiation table with realistic expectation rather than selling new maps, the future of the region would very well be worth every effort for peace.
Finally, how Middle East Bermuda Triangle effect the United States? i.e. what is the Return of Investment for the America First and Make America Great Again? The wealthy region will be entirely a strong ally to the US, not only economically, but also in every industry concerns the American superiority such as the energy, minerals, trades, water passages, and overall presence. The Middle East peace and security or as I call it the “Bermuda Triangle” will be a massive buffer zone against China which is creeping into Africa using Iran as its proxy which is actively spreading the Shiatization movement that entails more terrorists’ organizations like Hamas, Hezbollah, Houthis, and the militias in Iraq. The alliance between Iran and Egypt and Algeria is not for bilateral diplomatic relations, but rather a destruction power to threaten Israel and to sabotage the West Sahara Desert Agreement with Morocco. China through Iran will increase their exploitation to African countries to ensure destabilization and attacks on U.S. interests in the continent. In addition, the China-Iran alliance have funded operations, based on open-source intelligence reports, to reach American soil by exploiting open border policy of the Biden Administration, and have established training and grooming camps in Cuba and Venezuela.
In conclusion, the Bermuda Triangle Peace and Security of the Middle East through the U.S., the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Israel is a necessity for world peace and security; by forcing the Islamic Republic of Iran to hand down its torch of hegemon by Peace through Strength Policy of the U.S. of the Trump Administration. The power of KSA and Israel together will hold the fragile region together and build it up from ruins. The KSA legitimately can unite the Arab countries for peace and stability without leaving Israel in isolation. While the U.S. will have a greater presence with solidified allies and partners to counter the greater global threat of China and its proxy of Iran.

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